{"id":11091,"date":"2024-07-13T21:13:22","date_gmt":"2024-07-13T18:13:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/?p=11091"},"modified":"2026-07-27T12:52:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T09:52:10","slug":"ce-este-volanta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/blog\/ce-este-volanta\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este Volanta? Ghid Complet, Tipuri \u0219i Defec\u021biuni"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"6\">Ce este volanta? Ghid tehnic complet: Func\u021bionare, Tipuri (Monomas\u0103 vs. Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103), Simptome de Uzur\u0103 \u0219i Ghid de \u00centre\u021binere<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7\"><span class=\"\">Volanta este o component\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 a sistemului de transmisie \u0219i a ansamblului motor.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Pozi\u021bionat\u0103 la cap\u0103tul arborelui cotit (vibrochen),<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u00eentre motor \u0219i cutia de viteze,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta \u00eendepline\u0219te un dublu rol:<\/span><span class=\"\"> cinematic \u0219i mecanic.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Aceasta uniformizeaz\u0103 mi\u0219carea de rota\u021bie a motorului prin stocarea energiei cinetice \u0219i asigur\u0103 suprafa\u021ba de frictiune primar\u0103 pentru discul de ambreiaj.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"8\"><span class=\"\">F\u0103r\u0103 o volant\u0103 optim dimensionat\u0103,<\/span><span class=\"\"> mi\u0219carea sacadat\u0103 provenit\u0103 din ciclurile de ardere ale pistoanelor ar transmite \u0219ocuri masive c\u0103tre cutia de viteze,<\/span><span class=\"\"> provoc\u00e2nd distrugerea rapid\u0103 a angrenajelor interne \u0219i un nivel insuportabil de vibra\u021bii \u00een habitaclu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"10\">Fizica din spatele volantei: Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 stocarea de energie?<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11\"><span class=\"\">Motorul cu ardere intern\u0103 (\u00een patru timpi) nu genereaz\u0103 putere \u00een mod continuu.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Energia este produs\u0103 exclusiv \u00een timpul fazei de detent\u0103 (ardere\/expansiune).<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u00cen celelalte trei faze (admisie,<\/span><span class=\"\"> compresie,<\/span><span class=\"\"> evacuare),<\/span><span class=\"\"> motorul consum\u0103 energie.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-85 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ6AE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-85\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-85\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-85\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-85 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">[ Piston (Detent\u0103) ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Arbore Cotit ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Stocare Energie \u00een Volant\u0103 ]\r\n                                                    \u2502\r\n                                                    \u25bc\r\n[ Piston (Compresie\/Admisie\/Evacuare) ] \u25c4\u2500\u2500 [ Eliberare Energie din Volant\u0103 ]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\"><span class=\"\">Volanta ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un acumulator mecanic de energie cinetic\u0103.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Formula fizic\u0103 a energiei cinetice de rota\u021bie stocate de o volant\u0103 este:<\/span><\/p>\n<div data-path-to-node=\"14\">\n<div class=\"math-block\" data-math=\"E_k = frac{1}{2} I omega^2\">$$E_k = frac{1}{2} I omega^2$$<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15\"><span class=\"\">Unde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"16\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"16,0,0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"E_k\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$E_k$<\/span><span class=\"\"> = Energia cinetic\u0103 de rota\u021bie<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"16,1,0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"I\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$I$<\/span><span class=\"\"> = Momentul de iner\u021bie al volantei (dependent de masa sa \u0219i de distribu\u021bia acesteia fa\u021b\u0103 de axa de rota\u021bie)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"16,2,0\"><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"omega\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">$omega$<\/span><span class=\"\"> = Viteza unghiular\u0103 de rota\u021bie (<\/span><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"text{rad\/s}\" data-index-in-node=\"39\">$text{rad\/s}$<\/span><span class=\"\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17\"><span class=\"\">Datorit\u0103 masei sale mari,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta rezist\u0103 schimb\u0103rilor bru\u0219te de vitez\u0103 unghiular\u0103.<\/span><span class=\"\"> C\u00e2nd pistonul genereaz\u0103 o explozie,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta absoarbe surplusul de energie cinetic\u0103.<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u00cen fazele pasive ale ciclului de ardere,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta cedeaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 energie,<\/span><span class=\"\"> men\u021bin\u00e2nd arborele cotit \u00eentr-o mi\u0219care de rota\u021bie lin\u0103 \u0219i constant\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"19\">Rolurile principale ale volantei \u00een sistemul automobilului<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"20\"><span class=\"\">Volanta este o piesa multifunc\u021bional\u0103 integrat\u0103 \u00een mai multe sisteme ale vehiculului:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-86 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ6QE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-86\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-86\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-86\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-86 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">                  +-----------------------------------+\r\n                  |         FUNC\u021aIILE VOLANTEI        |\r\n                  +-----------------------------------+\r\n                                    \u2502\r\n    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n    \u25bc                \u25bc                             \u25bc                \u25bc\r\n[ Uniformizare ]  [ Transmisie ]             [ Pornire Engine ] [ Amortizare ]\r\n Iner\u021bie rotativ\u0103  Suprafa\u021b\u0103 de frictiune     Coroan\u0103 din\u021bat\u0103   Arcuri interioare\r\n pt. arbore cotit  pt. discul ambreiaj        pt. electromotor  pt. \u0219ocuri mecanice\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"22\">1. Uniformizarea mi\u0219c\u0103rii de rota\u021bie (Echilibru cinetic)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"23\"><span class=\"\">Evit\u0103 fluctua\u021biile de tura\u021bie la ralanti \u0219i \u00een sarcin\u0103.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Cu c\u00e2t un motor are mai pu\u021bini cilindri (ex.<\/span><span class=\"\"> motoarele \u00een 3 cilindri),<\/span><span class=\"\"> cu at\u00e2t pauzele dintre explozii sunt mai mari,<\/span><span class=\"\"> necesit\u00e2nd o volant\u0103 cu un moment de iner\u021bie propor\u021bional mai ridicat.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"24\">2. Element de leg\u0103tur\u0103 pentru ambreiaj<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"25\"><span class=\"\">Fa\u021ba exterioar\u0103 a volantei este rectificat\u0103 fin,<\/span><span class=\"\"> servind drept suprafa\u021b\u0103 de fric\u021biune pentru discul de ambreiaj.<\/span><span class=\"\"> C\u00e2nd pedala de ambreiaj este eliberat\u0103,<\/span><span class=\"\"> placa de presiune \u00eempinge discul de ambreiaj direct pe suprafa\u021ba volantei,<\/span><span class=\"\"> realiz\u00e2nd conexiunea mecanic\u0103 rigid\u0103 dintre motor \u0219i transmisie.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"26\">3. Interfa\u021b\u0103 pentru sistemul de pornire (Pornirea motorului)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"27\"><span class=\"\">Pe circumferin\u021ba exterioar\u0103 a volantei este presat\u0103 o <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"27\" data-index-in-node=\"54\">coroan\u0103 din\u021bat\u0103 din o\u021bel durificat<\/b><span class=\"\">.<\/span><span class=\"\"> La pornire,<\/span><span class=\"\"> pinionul de atac al electromotorului (demarorul) se angreneaz\u0103 \u00een din\u021bii acestei coroane,<\/span><span class=\"\"> imprim\u00e2nd motorului tura\u021bia minim\u0103 necesar\u0103 pentru ini\u021bierea ciclului de ardere.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"28\">4. Amortizarea oscila\u021biilor de torsiune<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"29\"><span class=\"\">\u00cen cazul vehiculelor moderne,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta integreaz\u0103 sisteme de amortizare (arcuri elicoidale) destinate absorb\u021biei vibra\u021biilor de \u00eenalt\u0103 \u0219i joas\u0103 frecven\u021b\u0103 generate de arderea combustibilului.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"31\">Tipuri de volante: Volanta Monomas\u0103 (Simpl\u0103) vs. Volanta cu Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 (DMF)<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"32\"><span class=\"\">Evolu\u021bia motoarelor c\u0103tre versiuni mai mici,<\/span><span class=\"\"> dar cu un cuplu generos oferit la tura\u021bii joase (motoare turbodiesel de tip Common Rail sau motoare pe benzin\u0103 turbo cu supraalimentare),<\/span><span class=\"\"> a impus evolu\u021bia tehnologic\u0103 a volantei.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-87 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ6gE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-87\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-87\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-87\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-87 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">===========================================================================\r\n                          ARHITECTUR\u0102 COMPARATIV\u0102\r\n===========================================================================\r\n\r\nVOLANT\u0102 MONOMAS\u0102 (SIMPL\u0102):\r\n[ Arbore Cotit ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Disc Solid din Font\u0103\/O\u021bel ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Disc Ambreiaj cu Arcuri ]\r\n\r\nVOLANT\u0102 CU MAS\u0102 DUBL\u0102 (DMF):\r\n[ Masa Primar\u0103 ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Arc Elicoidal Arcuit \/ Vaselin\u0103 ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Masa Secundar\u0103 ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Disc Ambreiaj Rigid ]\r\n(Conectat\u0103 la motor)                                        (Conectat\u0103 la cutie)\r\n===========================================================================\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"35\">1. Volanta Simpl\u0103 (Monomas\u0103 \/ Single Mass Flywheel &#8211; SMF)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"36\"><span class=\"\">Volanta monomas\u0103 este piesa clasic\u0103:<\/span><span class=\"\"> un disc masiv confec\u021bionat din font\u0103 cenu\u0219ie sau o\u021bel forjat,<\/span><span class=\"\"> f\u0103r\u0103 piese interne aflate \u00een mi\u0219care.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-88 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ6wE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-88\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-88\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-88\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-88 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n|                        VOLANT\u0102 MONOMAS\u0102 (SMF)                           |\r\n|                                                                         |\r\n|   [ Flan\u0219\u0103 Arbore ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Corp Unitar din O\u021bel ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Coroan\u0103 Din\u021bat\u0103 ]|\r\n|                                 \u2502                                       |\r\n|                                 \u25bc                                       |\r\n|                  [ Suprafa\u021b\u0103 Fric\u021biune Neted\u0103 ]                         |\r\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"38\">Caracteristici tehnice:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"39\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"39,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"39,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Construc\u021bie:<\/b><span class=\"\"> O singur\u0103 pies\u0103 turnat\u0103 sau prelucrat\u0103,<\/span><span class=\"\"> foarte durabil\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"39,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"39,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Absorb\u021bia \u0219ocurilor:<\/b><span class=\"\"> Nu absoarbe vibra\u021biile \u00een corp propriu.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Pentru a preveni \u0219ocurile,<\/span><span class=\"\"> se utilizeaz\u0103 un <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"39,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"105\">disc de ambreiaj prev\u0103zut cu arcuri de torsiune<\/b><span class=\"\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"39,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"39,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Fiabilitate:<\/b><span class=\"\"> Durat\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 extrem de mare,<\/span><span class=\"\"> egal\u0103 adesea cu cea a vehiculului.<\/span><span class=\"\"> Poate fi rectificat\u0103 de mai multe ori la schimbarea discului de ambreiaj.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"40\">Avantaje:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"41\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"41,0,0\"><span class=\"\">Costuri reduse de fabrica\u021bie \u0219i \u00eenlocuire.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"41,1,0\"><span class=\"\">Rezisten\u021b\u0103 termic\u0103 \u0219i mecanic\u0103 excep\u021bional\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"41,2,0\"><span class=\"\">R\u0103spuns rapid la accelera\u021bie datorit\u0103 simplit\u0103\u021bii structurale.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"42\">Dezavantaje:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"43\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"43,0,0\"><span class=\"\">Transmite mai multe vibra\u021bii \u0219i zgomote (NVH &#8211; Noise,<\/span><span class=\"\"> Vibration,<\/span><span class=\"\"> Harshness) c\u0103tre cutia de viteze \u0219i habitaclu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"animating\">\n<p class=\"animating\" data-path-to-node=\"43,1,0\"><span class=\"\">Schimb\u0103ri de treapt\u0103 mai pu\u021bin line la motoarele moderne cu cuplu mare.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"45\">2. Volanta cu Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 (Dual Mass Flywheel &#8211; DMF)<\/h3>\n<p class=\"animating\" data-path-to-node=\"46\"><span class=\"\">Proiectat\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een anii &#8217;80 \u0219i devenit\u0103 standard pe majoritatea motoarelor diesel \u0219i turbo pe benzin\u0103 din ultimele dou\u0103 decenii,<\/span><span class=\"\"> volanta cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 \u00eemparte masa total\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 sec\u021biuni distincte.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-89 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ7AE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-89\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-89\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-89\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-89 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n|                      VOLANT\u0102 CU MAS\u0102 DUBL\u0102 (DMF)                        |\r\n|                                                                         |\r\n|  [ Masa Primar\u0103 ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Canal Ghidare + Arcuri ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Masa Secundar\u0103 ] |\r\n|  (Fixat\u0103 pe Vibrochen)   (Umplut cu Vaselin\u0103)       (Sus\u021bine Ambreiajul)|\r\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"48\">Componente interne ale unei volante cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103:<\/h4>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"49\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"49,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"49,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Masa Primar\u0103 (Primary Flywheel):<\/b> Conectat\u0103 direct la arborele cotit al motorului. Con\u021bine coroana din\u021bat\u0103 pentru electromotor.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"49,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"49,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Masa Secundar\u0103 (Secondary Flywheel):<\/b> Cre\u0219te momentul de iner\u021bie pe partea cutiei de viteze. Ofer\u0103 suprafa\u021ba de frictiune pentru ambreiaj.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"49,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"49,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Mecanismul de amortizare (Arc arcuit \/ Arc elicoidal):<\/b> Un set de arcuri elicoidale lungi, dispuse circular \u00eentr-un canal de ghidare umplut cu vaselin\u0103 de \u00eenalt\u0103 temperatur\u0103, ce conecteaz\u0103 cele dou\u0103 mase.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"49,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"49,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Rulmentul central \/ Buc\u0219a de ghidare:<\/b> Permite rotirea decalat\u0103 (oscila\u021bia) masei secundare fa\u021b\u0103 de masa primar\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 data-path-to-node=\"50\">Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 absorb\u021bia de vibra\u021bii \u00een DMF?<\/h4>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"51\">C\u00e2nd combustibilul arde \u00een cilindru, masa primar\u0103 accelereaz\u0103 brusc. Arcurile interne se comprim\u0103, stoc\u00e2nd energia \u0219ocului mecanic. Masa secundar\u0103 (\u00eempreun\u0103 cu transmisia) urmeaz\u0103 o mi\u0219care mult mai lin\u0103, ferit\u0103 de pulsa\u021biile directe ale motorului.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-90 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ7gE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-90\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-90\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-90\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-90 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">[ Piston: Explozie ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Masa Primar\u0103: \u0218oc ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Arcuri Interne: Compresie ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Masa Secundar\u0103: Mi\u0219care Lin\u0103 ]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"53\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"53,0\">\u2139\ufe0f Technical Note: Deoarece volanta DMF preia \u00eentreaga sarcin\u0103 de amortizare a vibra\u021biilor torsionale, discul de ambreiaj utilizat \u00eentr-un sistem cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 este un <b data-path-to-node=\"53,0\" data-index-in-node=\"168\">disc rigid (f\u0103r\u0103 arcuri interne de amortizare)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 data-path-to-node=\"54\">Avantaje:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"55\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"55,0,0\">Izolare aproape total\u0103 a vibra\u021biilor motorului fa\u021b\u0103 de cutia de viteze.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"55,1,0\">Schimb\u0103ri de viteze extrem de line \u0219i confort sporit la rulare.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"55,2,0\">Protejeaz\u0103 sinchroanele \u0219i angrenajele cutiei de viteze \u00eempotriva uzurii premature provocate de pulsa\u021biile de cuplu.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"55,3,0\">Permite rularea la tura\u021bii joase f\u0103r\u0103 &#8222;b\u0103t\u0103i&#8221; de motor, reduc\u00e2nd consumul de combustibil.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-path-to-node=\"56\">Dezavantaje:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"57\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"57,0,0\">Complexitate mecanic\u0103 ridicat\u0103 \u0219i vulnerabilitate la uzur\u0103 termic\u0103\/mecanic\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"57,1,0\">Cost de \u00eenlocuire semnificativ mai ridicat dec\u00e2t la varianta monomas\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"57,2,0\">Nu suport\u0103 modific\u0103ri agresive de putere (software chip tuning) peste limitele proiectate ale arcurilor interne.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"59\">Tabel comparativ detaliat: Volant\u0103 Monomas\u0103 vs. Volant\u0103 cu Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103<\/h2>\n<table data-path-to-node=\"60\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Criteriu de evaluare<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Volant\u0103 Monomas\u0103 (SMF)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Volant\u0103 cu Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 (DMF)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Complexitate structural\u0103<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,1,1,0\">Redus\u0103 (Pies\u0103 unic\u0103 turnat\u0103)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,1,2,0\">Ridicat\u0103 (Dou\u0103 mase, arcuri, rulmen\u021bi, vaselin\u0103)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Grad de amortizare NVH<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,2,1,0\">Moderat (Depinde de discul de ambreiaj)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,2,2,0\">Excelent (Izoleaz\u0103 vibra\u021biile la nivel mecanic)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,3,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,3,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Tip disc de ambreiaj utilizat<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,3,1,0\">Disc cu arcuri de torsiune<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,3,2,0\">Disc rigid (f\u0103r\u0103 arcuri)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,4,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Durabilitate medie<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,4,1,0\">Peste 300.000 &#8211; 500.000 km<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,4,2,0\">150.000 &#8211; 250.000 km (\u00een func\u021bie de utilizare)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,5,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">R\u0103spuns termic la patinare<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,5,1,0\">Foarte rezistent\u0103 (Nu \u00ee\u0219i pierde forma u\u0219or)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,5,2,0\">Vulnerabil\u0103 (Vaselina intern\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i pierde propriet\u0103\u021bile)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,6,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Cost de \u00eenlocuire<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,6,1,0\">Redus<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,6,2,0\">Ridicat<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,7,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Posibilitate de rectificare<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,7,1,0\">Da (Rectificare pe strung specializat)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,7,2,0\">Nu (Se \u00eenlocuie\u0219te integral ca ansamblu)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,8,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"60,8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Aplica\u021bie principal\u0103<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,8,1,0\">Motoare aspirate pe benzin\u0103, utilitare mici<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"60,8,2,0\">Motoare Turbodiesel (TDI, dCi, HDi), Benzin\u0103 Turbo<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"62\">Simptomele unei volante defecte: Cum identifici problemele?<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"63\">O volant\u0103 cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 aflat\u0103 la finalul duratei de via\u021b\u0103 sau o volant\u0103 simpl\u0103 uzat\u0103 termic d\u0103 semnale clare. Ignorarea acestor simptome poate duce la distrugerea carcasei cutiei de viteze sau la blocarea electromotorului.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-91 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ8QE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-91\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-91\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-91\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-91 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">===========================================================================\r\n                       DIAGNOSTIC SIMPTOME VOLANT\u0102\r\n===========================================================================\r\n\r\n[ Zgomot Metalic la Pornire \/ Oprire ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba Uzur\u0103 avansat\u0103 arcuri interioare DMF\r\n[ Vibra\u021bii \u00een Podea \/ Pedala de Ambreiaj ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba Joc axial \/ radial excesiv \u00een DMF\r\n[ Patinare la Accelerare ]               \u2500\u2500\u25ba Suprafa\u021b\u0103 de fric\u021biune suprainc\u0103lzit\u0103 \/ vitrificat\u0103\r\n[ Zgomot de \"M\u0103cinare\" la Ralanti ]      \u2500\u2500\u25ba Vaselin\u0103 intern\u0103 scurs\u0103 \/ arcuri rupte\r\n===========================================================================\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"65\">1. Zgomot metalic (&#8222;b\u0103taie&#8221;) la oprirea sau pornirea motorului<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"66\">Acesta este cel mai comun simptom pentru volanta cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103. C\u00e2nd opre\u0219ti motorul, lipsa presiunii de ardere face ca masa primar\u0103 s\u0103 se opreasc\u0103 brusc, \u00een timp ce masa secundar\u0103 continu\u0103 s\u0103 se roteasc\u0103 scurt. Dac\u0103 arcurile interne sunt decalibrated sau rupte, cele dou\u0103 mase metalice se vor lovi direct, gener\u00e2nd un zgomot metalic distinct (<i data-path-to-node=\"66\" data-index-in-node=\"344\">clank-clank<\/i>).<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"67\">2. Vibra\u021bii anormale \u00een podea \u0219i \u00een pedala de ambreiaj<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"68\">Vibra\u021biile sunt resim\u021bite mai ales la ralanti sau la acceler\u0103ri puternice \u00een trepte superioare de vitez\u0103 (ex. treapta a 4-a la 1500 RPM). Dac\u0103 sprijini u\u0219or piciorul pe pedala de ambreiaj f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 o ape\u0219i complet \u0219i sim\u021bi b\u0103tai ritmice de frecven\u021b\u0103 \u00eenalt\u0103, buc\u0219a sau rulmentul dintre cele dou\u0103 mase ale volantei are un joc axial\/radial peste limita tolerat\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"69\">3. Zgomot de m\u0103cinare sau tronconat la ralanti care dispare la ap\u0103sarea ambreiajului<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"70\">Dac\u0103 la ralanti se aude un zgomot neregulat provenit din zona cutiei de viteze, dar acesta dispare imediat ce ape\u0219i pedala de ambreiaj p\u00e2n\u0103 la cap\u0103t, sursa este volanta DMF. Ap\u0103sarea ambreiajului deconeaz\u0103 masa secundar\u0103 \u0219i opre\u0219te oscila\u021biile libere ale acesteia.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"71\">4. Patinarea ambreiajului \u0219i miros de arsur\u0103<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"72\">\u00cen timp, c\u0103ldura excesiv\u0103 produs\u0103 de frecarea cu discul de ambreiaj determin\u0103 vitrificarea (lustruirea) suprafe\u021bei de contact a volantei sau deformarea planit\u0103\u021bii acesteia. C\u00e2nd se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 acest lucru, discul \u00ee\u0219i pierde aderen\u021ba, iar tura\u021bia motorului va cre\u0219te brusc la accelerare f\u0103r\u0103 ca ma\u0219ina s\u0103 c\u00e2\u0219tige vitez\u0103 propor\u021bional.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"73\">5. Smucituri la schimbarea treptelor de vitez\u0103<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"74\">Dac\u0103 arcurile amortizoare interne din volanta cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 s-au blocat sau s-au rupt, volanta \u00ee\u0219i pierde capacitatea de preluare lin\u0103 a cuplului. \u00cen momentul eliber\u0103rii ambreiajului, ma\u0219ina va smuci violent, similar cu situa\u021bia \u00een care ai conduce o ma\u0219in\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 sistem de amortizare pe ambreiaj.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"76\">Cauzele principale ale uzurii premature a volantei<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"77\">De\u0219i o volant\u0103 cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 este o pies\u0103 supus\u0103 uzurii naturale, anumi\u021bi factori tehnici \u0219i de exploatare pot reduce dramatic durata sa de via\u021b\u0103 (de la 200.000 km la mai pu\u021bin de 50.000 km).<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-92 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ8gE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-92\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-92\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-92\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-92 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">                 +-----------------------------------------------+\r\n                 |       CAUZELE DEFECT\u0102RII PREMATURE            |\r\n                 +-----------------------------------------------+\r\n                                         \u2502\r\n     \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n     \u25bc                   \u25bc                               \u25bc                   \u25bc\r\n[ Mers Subturat ]   [ Chip Tuning ]              [ Stil de Condus ]     [ Injectoare Defecte ]\r\n Reprize sub 1800   Cuplu dep\u0103\u0219it peste          Eliberare brusc\u0103       Livr\u0103ri inegale de\r\n RPM \u00een trepte mari limitele de fabric\u0103          a ambreiajului         combustibil \/ Misfire\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"79\">1. Mersul subturat (Sub 1800 RPM \u00een sarcini mari)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"80\">Acesta este cel mai mare inamic al volantei cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103. Conducerea \u00eentr-o treapt\u0103 superioar\u0103 (ex: treapta a 5-a la 60 km\/h) \u0219i ap\u0103sarea la podea a pedalei de accelera\u021bie determin\u0103 motorul s\u0103 func\u021bioneze cu pulsa\u021bii uria\u0219e de cuplu. Arcurile interne ale volantei sunt comprimate la maximum (comprimare &#8222;spira pe spira&#8221;) \u0219i se lovesc violent de opritoare.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"81\">2. Modific\u0103rile de putere necorespunz\u0103toare (Chip Tuning \/ Remapare ECU)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"82\">Cre\u0219terea cuplului motor peste specifica\u021biile originale ale produc\u0103torului (f\u0103r\u0103 upgradarea ambreiajului \u0219i a volantei) va dep\u0103\u0219i for\u021ba de rezisten\u021b\u0103 a arcurilor interioare din DMF. Rezultatul este supra\u00eenc\u0103lzirea rapid\u0103, distrugerea vaselinei interne \u0219i decalibrarea arcurilor.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"83\">3. Porniri \u0219i opri\u021b\u0103ri frecvente \u00een traficul urban<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"84\">Sistemele Start-Stop solicit\u0103 intens volanta. Fiecare pornire \u0219i oprire a motorului trece volanta prin zona de rezonan\u021b\u0103 mecanic\u0103 (tura\u021bii joase de 300-500 RPM), unde amplitudinea oscila\u021biilor este maxim\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"85\">4. Injectoare defecte sau probleme la sistemul de aprindere<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"86\">Dac\u0103 un injector nu pulverizeaz\u0103 corect motorina (sau un cilindru are rateuri de aprindere &#8211; <i data-path-to-node=\"86\" data-index-in-node=\"93\">misfire<\/i>), motorul nu mai func\u021bioneaz\u0103 echilibrat. Fiecare explozie ratat\u0103 creeaz\u0103 un dezechilibru rotativ masiv pe arborele cotit, care este absorbit violent de arcurile volantei.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"87\">5. Utilizarea incorect\u0103 a pedalei de ambreiaj<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"88\">P\u0103strarea piciorului pe pedala de ambreiaj \u00een timpul mersului (chiar \u0219i o ap\u0103sare u\u0219oar\u0103) determin\u0103 o patinare par\u021bial\u0103 continu\u0103. Frecarea genereaz\u0103 temperaturi ce pot dep\u0103\u0219i 300\u00b0C pe suprafa\u021ba volantei. C\u0103ldura tope\u0219te vaselina din interiorul masei duble, l\u0103s\u00e2nd arcurile f\u0103r\u0103 lubrifiere.<\/p>\n<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"89\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"89,0\">\u26a0\ufe0f WARNING: Nu folosi ambreiajul pentru a \u021bine ma\u0219ina pe loc \u00een ramp\u0103! Aceast\u0103 tehnic\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lze\u0219te excesiv placa de presiune \u0219i suprafa\u021ba volantei, provoc\u00e2nd decalirea o\u021belului, apari\u021bia microfisurilor termice \u0219i distrugerea vaselinei interne din DMF.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"91\">Procedeul de \u00eenlocuire: De ce se schimb\u0103 volanta \u00eempreun\u0103 cu kitul de ambreiaj?<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"92\">Mecanicii \u0219i produc\u0103torii auto (Sachs, LuK, Valeo) recomand\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 excep\u021bie <b data-path-to-node=\"92\" data-index-in-node=\"75\">\u00eenlocuirea simultan\u0103 a volantei \u0219i a kitului complet de ambreiaj<\/b>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-93 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ8wE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-93\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-93\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-93\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-93 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n|                  ANSAMBLUL COMPLET DE TRANSMISIE                        |\r\n|                                                                         |\r\n|  [ Volant\u0103 (DMF\/SMF) ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Disc Ambreiaj ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba [ Plac\u0103 de Presiune ]  |\r\n|                                                                         |\r\n|                                    \u25b2                                    |\r\n|                                    \u2502                                    |\r\n|                       [ Rulment de Presiune \/ CSC ]                     |\r\n+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"94\">Componentele dintr-un kit complet:<\/h3>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"95\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"95,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"95,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Volanta (Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 sau Monomas\u0103)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"95,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"95,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Discul de ambreiaj<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"95,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"95,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Placa de presiune<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"95,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"95,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Rulmentul de presiune (Mecanic sau Hidraulic &#8211; CSC)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"95,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"95,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Suruburile de fixare ale volantei<\/b> (Sunt \u0219uruburi elastice de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103, ce se str\u00e2ng la unghi).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"96\">Motivele tehnice pentru schimbarea pachetului complet:<\/h3>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"97\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"97,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"97,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Manoper\u0103 costisitoare:<\/b> Pentru a ajunge la volant\u0103, trebuie demontat\u0103 \u00eentreaga punte fa\u021b\u0103 (la unele modele), planetarele, timoneria \u0219i cutia de viteze. Timpul de lucru este de 4 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 8 ore. Dac\u0103 schimbi doar discul de ambreiaj \u0219i volanta cedeaz\u0103 10.000 km mai t\u00e2rziu, vei pl\u0103ti din nou \u00eentreaga manoper\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"97,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"97,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Uzura simetric\u0103 a suprafe\u021belor:<\/b> Un disc de ambreiaj nou montat pe o volant\u0103 veche (care are deja canale, microfisuri sau abateri de planitate) se va uza neuniform \u00een primele sute de kilometri \u0219i va patina.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"97,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"97,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Durat\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103 similar\u0103:<\/b> Tolu\u021bele \u0219i uzura arcurilor din volanta DMF sunt calibrate pentru a rezista aproximativ la fel de mult ca materialul de fric\u021biune de pe discul de ambreiaj.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"99\">Conversia de la Volant\u0103 cu Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 la Volant\u0103 Monomas\u0103 (Kit Conversie SMF)<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"100\">Din cauza costurilor mari ale volantei cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103, mul\u021bi produc\u0103tori (ex. Valeo K4P) ofer\u0103 <b data-path-to-node=\"100\" data-index-in-node=\"94\">kituri de conversie la volant\u0103 monomas\u0103 (simpl\u0103)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block ng-tns-c2095966089-94 ng-animate-disabled ng-trigger ng-trigger-codeBlockRevealAnimation\" data-hveid=\"0\" data-ved=\"0CAAQhtANahgKEwiPwZyhyvKVAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQ9AE\">\n<div class=\"formatted-code-block-internal-container ng-tns-c2095966089-94\">\n<div class=\"animated-opacity ng-tns-c2095966089-94\">\n<pre class=\"ng-tns-c2095966089-94\"><code class=\"code-container formatted ng-tns-c2095966089-94 no-decoration-radius\" role=\"text\" data-test-id=\"code-content\">[ Sistem Original (DMF) ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba Volant\u0103 Mas\u0103 Dubl\u0103 + Disc Rigid\r\n                                     \u2502\r\n                                     \u25bc (Conversie)\r\n[ Sistem Conversie (SMF) ] \u2500\u2500\u25ba Volant\u0103 Simpl\u0103 + Disc cu Arcuri Extra-Lungi\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"102\">Este recomandat\u0103 conversia?<\/h3>\n<h4 data-path-to-node=\"103\">Avantaje:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"104\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"104,0,0\">Costuri mult reduse la achizi\u021bie.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"104,1,0\">Fiabilitate pe via\u021b\u0103 a volantei (se va mai schimba doar discul de ambreiaj pe viitor).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"104,2,0\">Rezisten\u021b\u0103 mare la exploatare agresiv\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-path-to-node=\"105\">Dezavantaje \u0219i Riscuri:<\/h4>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"106\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"106,0,0\">Cresc vibra\u021biile transmise \u00een habitaclu la tura\u021bii joase.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"106,1,0\">Cutia de viteze devine mai zgomotoas\u0103 (zgomot de rulmen\u021bi\/angrenaje la ralanti).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"106,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"106,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Risc crescut pentru cutia de viteze:<\/b> F\u0103r\u0103 amortizarea din DMF, undele de \u0219oc generate de motorul diesel sunt preluate direct de arborii \u0219i sinchroanele cutiei de viteze, ceea ce poate duce \u00een timp la distrugerea prematur\u0103 a acesteia.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"107\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"107,0\">\u2139\ufe0f Technical Note: Conversia la volant\u0103 monomas\u0103 este acceptabil\u0103 pe ma\u0219ini mai vechi, cu motoare aspirate pe benzin\u0103 sau diesel de genera\u021bie veche (cu cuplu redus). Pentru motoarele Turbodiesel moderne de genera\u021bie Euro 5 sau Euro 6, se recomand\u0103 men\u021binerea volantei cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 specifice ma\u0219inii.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"109\">Ghid practic: Cum s\u0103 prelunge\u0219ti durata de via\u021b\u0103 a volantei?<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"110\">Prin adoptarea unui stil de conducere preventiv, po\u021bi dubla durata de via\u021b\u0103 a unei volante cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"111\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"111,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"111,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Evit\u0103 acceler\u0103rile puternice la tura\u021bii joase:<\/b> Schimb\u0103 \u00eentr-o treapt\u0103 inferioar\u0103 dac\u0103 tura\u021bia scade sub 1800-2000 RPM \u00eenainte de a c\u0103lca accelera\u021bia \u00een sarcin\u0103 (de exemplu \u00eentr-o dep\u0103\u0219ire sau la urcarea unei pante).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"111,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"111,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Apas\u0103 ambreiajul la pornirea \u0219i oprirea motorului:<\/b> At\u00e2t la pornire, c\u00e2t \u0219i la oprirea de la cheie\/buton, \u021bine pedala de ambreiaj ap\u0103sat\u0103 complet. Aceasta decupleaz\u0103 masa cutiei de viteze, reduc\u00e2nd sarcina iner\u021bial\u0103 pe volant\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"111,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"111,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Nu sta cu piciorul pe pedala de ambreiaj la semafor:<\/b> Scoate ma\u0219ina la punctul mort \u0219i elibereaz\u0103 complet pedala pentru a opri uzura rulmentului de presiune \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzirea volantei.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"111,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"111,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Remediaz\u0103 imediat problemele de alimentare\/aprindere:<\/b> Un motor care &#8222;tremur\u0103&#8221; din cauza unui injector defect va distruge arcurile interne ale volantei \u00een doar c\u00e2\u021biva kilometri.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"111,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"111,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Utilizeaz\u0103 corect fr\u00e2na de m\u00e2n\u0103 la parcarea \u00een ramp\u0103:<\/b> C\u00e2nd parchezi pe o pant\u0103, trage mai \u00eent\u00e2i fr\u00e2na de m\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i abia apoi introdu ma\u0219ina \u00een vitez\u0103 (sau \u00een modul Park). \u00cen caz contrar, \u00eentreaga greutate a ma\u0219inii va fi sus\u021binut\u0103 de transmisie \u0219i volant\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"113\">Concluzie<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"114\">Volanta este o pies\u0103 inginereasc\u0103 crucial\u0103, responsabil\u0103 pentru confortul, continuitatea \u0219i securitatea func\u021bion\u0103rii motorului t\u0103u. \u00cen timp ce o volant\u0103 simpl\u0103 ofer\u0103 o durabilitate legendar\u0103 cu pre\u021bul unor vibra\u021bii u\u0219oare, volanta cu mas\u0103 dubl\u0103 este pre\u021bul pl\u0103tit pentru rafinamentul, silen\u021biozitatea \u0219i economia de combustibil ale vehiculelor moderne.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"115\">\u00cen\u021belegerea simptomelor de uzur\u0103 \u0219i adaptarea stilului de condus te vor ajuta s\u0103 evi\u021bi defec\u021biunile majore \u0219i s\u0103 prelunge\u0219ti via\u021ba \u00eentregului ansamblu de transmisie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce este volanta? Volanta este un disc metalic mare, cu o mas\u0103 substan\u021bial\u0103, parte a sistemului de transmisie al unui vehicul. Ea stocheaz\u0103 energia cinetic\u0103 generat\u0103 de motor \u0219i o&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11092,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1933],"tags":[16869,50361,53325,50379,108,16948,8958],"class_list":["post-11091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auto","tag-ambreiaj-uzat","tag-kit-ambreiaj","tag-reducere-vibratii","tag-simptome-volanta-defecta","tag-volanta","tag-volanta-masa-dubla","tag-volanta-simpla"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ce este Volanta? 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Rolul s\u0103u crucial este de a cupla \u0219i decupa progresiv fluxul de cuplu motronic, f\u0103c\u00e2nd posibil\u0103 schimbarea treptelor de\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u00cen \u201eAuto-RO\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Auto-RO","link":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/category\/auto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Simptome clare ale ambreiajului defect \u2699\ufe0f\ud83d\ude97","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Simptome-clare-ale-ambreiajului-defect-%E2%9A%99%EF%B8%8F%F0%9F%9A%97.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Simptome-clare-ale-ambreiajului-defect-%E2%9A%99%EF%B8%8F%F0%9F%9A%97.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Simptome-clare-ale-ambreiajului-defect-%E2%9A%99%EF%B8%8F%F0%9F%9A%97.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Simptome-clare-ale-ambreiajului-defect-%E2%9A%99%EF%B8%8F%F0%9F%9A%97.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14384,"url":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/blog\/kit-ambreiaj-z19dth-pe-z19dt-merge\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":4},"title":"Ambreiaj Z19DTH pe Z19DT: Merge F\u0103r\u0103 Probleme?","author":"Bejenaru Alexandru Ionut","date":"2 aprilie 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Kit ambreiaj Z19DTH pe Z19DT: merge sau nu? Ai un 1.9 CDTI cu codul Z19DT \u0219i te ui\u021bi la un kit de ambreiaj de la varianta mai puternic\u0103, Z19DTH. \u00centrebarea e legitim\u0103: se potrivesc fizic, sau ri\u0219ti o combina\u021bie gre\u0219it\u0103? R\u0103spunsul scurt: da, poate func\u021biona, dar nu automat, pentru orice\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u00cen \u201eAuto-RO\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Auto-RO","link":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/category\/auto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Kit ambreiaj Z19DTH pe Z19DT \u2013 merge","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kit-ambreiaj-Z19DTH-pe-Z19DT-%E2%80%93-merge.webp?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24608,"url":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/blog\/electromotor-auto-defectiuni-si-solutii-esentiale\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":5},"title":"Electromotor Auto: Func\u021bionare, Componente \u0219i Defec\u021biuni","author":"Bejenaru Alexandru Ionut","date":"27 septembrie 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Electromotorul Auto: Cum Func\u021bioneaz\u0103, Componente \u0219i Defec\u021biuni Frecvente Exist\u0103 o categorie aparte de defec\u021biuni auto \u2014 cele care te las\u0103 blocat fix c\u00e2nd ai mai pu\u021bin timp la dispozi\u021bie. Electromotorul defect intr\u0103 direct \u00een aceast\u0103 categorie. Nu exist\u0103 avertizare progresiv\u0103, nu exist\u0103 simptom care s\u0103 te preg\u0103teasc\u0103: pui cheia \u00een\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u00cen \u201eAuto-RO\u201d","block_context":{"text":"Auto-RO","link":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/category\/auto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"componente electromotor 1","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/componente-electromotor-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/componente-electromotor-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/componente-electromotor-1.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pf97go-2ST","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ce-este-volanta.webp","pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11091"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11091\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46489,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11091\/revisions\/46489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}