{"id":19622,"date":"2025-06-06T11:59:20","date_gmt":"2025-06-06T08:59:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/?p=19622"},"modified":"2026-10-26T11:59:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T08:59:12","slug":"releu-bujii-ars-semne-si-test-rapid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diagnozabam.ro\/sfaturi\/ro\/blog\/releu-bujii-ars-semne-si-test-rapid\/","title":{"rendered":"Releu bujii defect? 5 semne pe care le ignori"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"4\">Releul de bujii: cum \u00eel recuno\u0219ti c\u00e2nd d\u0103 semne de oboseal\u0103 \u0219i cum \u00eel testezi<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ai un diesel care porne\u0219te greu diminea\u021ba? Poate ai schimbat deja bujiile \u0219i nimic nu s-a schimbat. \u00cenainte s\u0103 cumperi alt set, uit\u0103-te la releul de bujii.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Am avut \u00een diagnoz\u0103 mai multe cazuri de acest tip. Bujiile erau noi \u0219i valorile lor erau perfecte. Ma\u0219ina pornea totu\u0219i greu, iar \u00een calculator nu ap\u0103rea niciun cod. Vinovatul era releul, ars pe interior.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00cen articolul de mai jos g\u0103se\u0219ti tot ce conteaz\u0103. Vezi ce face releul, cum se manifest\u0103 defec\u021biunea \u0219i cum \u00eel testezi corect, chiar \u0219i pe loc, la ma\u0219ina clientului.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Ce face, de fapt, releul de bujii<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bujiile incandescente \u00eenc\u0103lzesc camera de ardere la rece. Motorul diesel nu are sc\u00e2nteie. El aprinde combustibilul prin compresie, iar diminea\u021ba aerul comprimat nu se \u00eenc\u0103lze\u0219te suficient.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bujiile au nevoie de un curent mare pentru asta. Un set de patru bujii poate trage \u00eentre 30 \u0219i 50 de amperi la pornire. Nicio unitate de comand\u0103 nu poate comuta singur\u0103 un asemenea curent. Aici intervine releul.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Releul face trei lucruri:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>prime\u0219te comanda de la calculatorul motorului;<\/li>\n<li>\u00eenchide circuitul de putere \u0219i alimenteaz\u0103 bujiile;<\/li>\n<li>deschide circuitul c\u00e2nd pre\u00eenc\u0103lzirea s-a terminat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dup\u0103 pornire, multe sisteme men\u021bin o post\u00eenc\u0103lzire de c\u00e2teva zeci de secunde. Uneori dureaz\u0103 chiar minute. Ea reduce fumul \u0219i zgomotul motorului rece.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">F\u0103r\u0103 releu, bujiile r\u0103m\u00e2n reci. Motorul se \u00eenv\u00e2rte, dar combustia e slab\u0103 \u0219i incomplet\u0103.<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u2139\ufe0f <strong>Technical Note:<\/strong> La unele ma\u0219ini, func\u021bia de releu e preluat\u0103 de un calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire. El comand\u0103 bujiile prin semnal modulat, nu doar prin \u00eenchis\/deschis. Principiul e acela\u0219i, dar testarea difer\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Releu simplu sau calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire?<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Aici se \u00eencurc\u0103 mul\u021bi. Nu toate ma\u0219inile au acela\u0219i tip de sistem.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Releu clasic.<\/strong> E o cutie mic\u0103, cu o bobin\u0103 de comand\u0103 \u0219i un contact de putere. Prime\u0219te 12 V pe bobin\u0103 \u0219i las\u0103 s\u0103 treac\u0103 curentul spre bujii. \u00cel g\u0103se\u0219ti la dieselurile mai vechi \u0219i la multe modele de clas\u0103 medie.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire.<\/strong> Are electronic\u0103 intern\u0103 \u0219i controleaz\u0103 tensiunea pe bujii. Comunic\u0103 adesea cu calculatorul motorului. Bujiile pot fi de 4\u20137 V, nu de 12 V. Tensiunea nu mai e continu\u0103, ci modulat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Diferen\u021ba conteaz\u0103 pentru test. Pe un releu clasic po\u021bi m\u0103sura simplu tensiunea. Pe un calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire, un voltmetru obi\u0219nuit \u00ee\u021bi poate ar\u0103ta valori care induc \u00een eroare.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00cenainte de orice test, afl\u0103 ce ai pe ma\u0219in\u0103. Verific\u0103 schema electric\u0103 sau eticheta piesei.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Simptomele unui releu de bujii defect<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Un releu obosit nu cedeaz\u0103 de obicei brusc. Mai \u00eent\u00e2i devine capricios. Iat\u0103 semnele pe care le-am v\u0103zut cel mai des.<\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>Pornire grea la rece.<\/strong> Problema apare mai ales sub 10\u00b0C. Vara, motorul poate porni normal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Motorul tremur\u0103 la pornire.<\/strong> Merge neregulat c\u00e2teva secunde, apoi se stabilizeaz\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fum alb la prima accelerare.<\/strong> Combustibilul nu arde complet \u00eentr-un motor rece.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Martorul de bujii se comport\u0103 ciudat.<\/strong> Nu se aprinde deloc, r\u0103m\u00e2ne aprins sau clipe\u0219te f\u0103r\u0103 motiv.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nu se aude niciun clic la contact.<\/strong> Releul pare \u201emut\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Un semn \u00een plus: pornirea merge uneori bine, alteori nu. Contactele arse din releu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 intermitent. Asta e tipic pentru o pies\u0103 pe cale s\u0103 cedeze.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 fiecare simptom<\/h4>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Simptom<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Cauz\u0103 probabil\u0103<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Alte cauze posibile<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pornire grea, doar la rece<\/td>\n<td>Releu sau bujii<\/td>\n<td>Baterie slab\u0103, injectoare, presiune sc\u0103zut\u0103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fum alb la accelerare<\/td>\n<td>Pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire insuficient\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Injectoare, timing, compresie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Martor aprins permanent<\/td>\n<td>Defect detectat \u00een sistem<\/td>\n<td>Bujie moart\u0103, cablaj, calculator<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Niciun clic la contact<\/td>\n<td>Releu sau comand\u0103 lips\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Siguran\u021b\u0103 ars\u0103, releu f\u0103r\u0103 alimentare<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pornire normal\u0103, apoi c\u0103dere de putere<\/td>\n<td>Post\u00eenc\u0103lzire defect\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Alte defecte de motor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nu te baza pe un singur simptom. Treci mai departe, la verific\u0103rile de baz\u0103.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Ce verifici \u00eenainte s\u0103 dai vina pe releu<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">La interven\u021bii la fa\u021ba locului, ordinea conteaz\u0103. Un releu bun nu merit\u0103 schimbat degeaba.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">1. Bateria<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Bujiile consum\u0103 mult curent. O baterie slab\u0103 duce tensiunea sub pragul necesar. Pre\u00eenc\u0103lzirea devine slab\u0103, de\u0219i toate piesele sunt bune.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u0103soar\u0103 tensiunea \u00een repaus. Apoi urm\u0103re\u0219te-o la pornire. Dac\u0103 scade sub 9,5 V la demaror, bateria e prima problem\u0103.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">2. Siguran\u021ba de putere<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Circuitul bujiilor are de obicei o siguran\u021b\u0103 mare, de 40\u2013100 A. Ea st\u0103 \u00een cutia din compartimentul motor. O siguran\u021b\u0103 ars\u0103 sau oxidat\u0103 imit\u0103 perfect un releu defect.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">3. Conexiunile \u0219i masa<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Borna de alimentare a releului se oxideaz\u0103 u\u0219or. Masa se sl\u0103be\u0219te sau se corodeaz\u0103. Cur\u0103\u021barea lor rezolv\u0103 uneori problema f\u0103r\u0103 piese noi.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">4. Bujiile<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u0103soar\u0103 rezisten\u021ba fiec\u0103rei bujii cu bujia scoas\u0103 sau deconectat\u0103. La bujiile clasice, valoarea e mic\u0103, de ordinul unui ohm. O bujie \u00eentrerupt\u0103 arat\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103 infinit\u0103. Dac\u0103 una e moart\u0103, restul se pot suprasolicita.<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u26a0\ufe0f <strong>WARNING:<\/strong> Deconecteaz\u0103 mereu bateria \u00eenainte s\u0103 lucrezi la cablurile de putere ale bujiilor. Curentul e mare \u0219i un scurtcircuit poate topi izola\u021bia sau provoca arsuri.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Cum testezi releul de bujii<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Avem mai multe metode. Le po\u021bi folosi \u00een ordine, de la cea mai simpl\u0103 la cea mai exact\u0103.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Metoda 1 \u2013 Testul auditiv \u0219i vizual<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u00cencepe cu cea mai rapid\u0103 verificare.<\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>Pune contactul, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 porne\u0219ti motorul.<\/li>\n<li>Ascult\u0103 zona releului. Ar trebui s\u0103 auzi un clic ferm.<\/li>\n<li>Urm\u0103re\u0219te martorul de bujii de pe bord.<\/li>\n<li>Scoate releul \u0219i inspecteaz\u0103-l.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Un clic nu garanteaz\u0103 c\u0103 releul e bun. Bobina poate func\u021biona, iar contactele de putere pot fi arse. Lipsa clicului, \u00een schimb, arat\u0103 c\u0103 bobina nu prime\u0219te comand\u0103 sau e moart\u0103.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">La inspec\u021bia vizual\u0103 caut\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>plastic topit sau decolorat;<\/li>\n<li>urme de ardere pe pini;<\/li>\n<li>miros de ars;<\/li>\n<li>oxid verde pe conectori.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Metoda 2 \u2013 Test cu multimetrul, pe ma\u0219in\u0103<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Aici verifici dac\u0103 releul prime\u0219te tot ce are nevoie. Ai trei puncte de m\u0103surat.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Alimentarea de putere.<\/strong> Pe borna mare de intrare trebuie s\u0103 existe tensiunea bateriei, permanent.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Comanda bobinei.<\/strong> La contact, pe pinii de comand\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 apar\u0103 tensiune sau mas\u0103 comandat\u0103, \u00een func\u021bie de schem\u0103. Dac\u0103 lipse\u0219te, problema e \u00een amonte: siguran\u021b\u0103, cablaj sau calculator.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Ie\u0219irea spre bujii.<\/strong> La un releu clasic, tensiunea de ie\u0219ire trebuie s\u0103 apar\u0103 c\u00e2teva secunde la contact. Durata depinde de temperatura motorului. La rece poate dura mai mult.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dac\u0103 intrarea \u0219i comanda sunt corecte, dar ie\u0219irea lipse\u0219te, releul e defect.<\/p>\n<blockquote dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u2139\ufe0f <strong>Technical Note:<\/strong> Pe sistemele cu calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire, tensiunea de ie\u0219ire e modulat\u0103. Un multimetru obi\u0219nuit poate indica valori medii care nu reflect\u0103 realitatea. Aici ai nevoie de osciloscop sau de date live.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Metoda 3 \u2013 Test pe banc, cu releul scos<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Aceasta e cea mai sigur\u0103 metod\u0103 pentru releele clasice.<\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>Scoate releul din priz\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>M\u0103soar\u0103 rezisten\u021ba bobinei \u00eentre pinii de comand\u0103. De obicei are zeci de ohmi. Valoare infinit\u0103 \u00eenseamn\u0103 bobin\u0103 \u00eentrerupt\u0103.<\/li>\n<li>Alimenteaz\u0103 bobina cu 12 V, direct de la o baterie.<\/li>\n<li>Ascult\u0103 clicul. M\u0103soar\u0103 continuitatea \u00eentre pinii de putere.<\/li>\n<li>Opre\u0219te alimentarea. Contactele trebuie s\u0103 se deschid\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Contactele trebuie s\u0103 \u00eenchid\u0103 cu rezisten\u021b\u0103 foarte mic\u0103. Dac\u0103 releul face clic, dar nu las\u0103 curentul s\u0103 treac\u0103, contactele sunt arse. Dac\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00eenchis dup\u0103 ce sco\u021bi alimentarea, contactele s-au lipit.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Folose\u0219te doar surse de curent mic pe bobin\u0103. Nu pune niciodat\u0103 curentul mare al bujiilor direct pe un multimetru.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Metoda 4 \u2013 C\u0103derea de tensiune sub sarcin\u0103<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Un releu poate trece testul pe banc \u0219i s\u0103 cedeze totu\u0219i sub sarcin\u0103. Contactele uzate dezvolt\u0103 rezisten\u021b\u0103. Ea se vede doar c\u00e2nd curentul e mare.<\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>Conecteaz\u0103 voltmetrul \u00eentre borna de intrare \u0219i borna de ie\u0219ire a releului.<\/li>\n<li>Cere cuiva s\u0103 pun\u0103 contactul.<\/li>\n<li>Cite\u0219te c\u0103derea de tensiune \u00een timpul pre\u00eenc\u0103lzirii.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">O c\u0103dere mic\u0103 e normal\u0103. Dac\u0103 vezi o c\u0103dere de peste o jum\u0103tate de volt, contactele sunt uzate. Releul trebuie schimbat chiar dac\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 mai func\u021bioneaz\u0103.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Pentru o m\u0103sur\u0103toare complet\u0103, folose\u0219te un cle\u0219te ampermetric pe cablul bujiilor. Curentul trebuie s\u0103 urce brusc \u0219i s\u0103 scad\u0103 treptat pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce bujiile se \u00eenc\u0103lzesc. Un curent mult sub valoarea normal\u0103 indic\u0103 bujii moarte sau releu slab.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Metoda 5 \u2013 Scanner \u0219i date live<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cea mai rapid\u0103 metod\u0103 e diagnoza cu un scanner care cite\u0219te codurile \u0219i datele live. Calculatorul poate raporta defecte \u00een circuitul bujiilor. Cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite sunt P0380, P0381 \u0219i P0670.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Un scanner bidirec\u021bional face mai mult dec\u00e2t s\u0103 citeasc\u0103 erori. Po\u021bi comanda pre\u00eenc\u0103lzirea din aparat \u0219i urm\u0103ri reac\u021bia sistemului. Eu folosesc pentru asta <a href=\"https:\/\/mythinkcar.com\/collections\/advanced-diagnostic-scanners\/products\/thinkcar-thinkscan-689bt-bidirectional-scan-tool?ref=diagnozabam\">THINKCAR THINKSCAN 689BT<\/a>. Testele de activare depind de model \u0219i de calculator, deci verific\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2i ce permite ma\u0219ina ta.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Aten\u021bie la un detaliu important. Un releu pe cale s\u0103 cedeze poate s\u0103 nu lase niciun cod. Absen\u021ba erorilor nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 releul e bun. Conteaz\u0103 ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 efectiv \u00een circuit.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">De ce nu recomand testul cu bec<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Pe unele forumuri se recomand\u0103 s\u0103 montezi un bec \u00een paralel cu o bujie. Ideea pare simpl\u0103, dar e gre\u0219it\u0103 din mai multe motive.<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>Un bec nu simuleaz\u0103 sarcina real\u0103. Bujiile trag zeci de amperi.<\/li>\n<li>Calculatorul poate citi sarcina anormal\u0103 ca defect \u0219i poate opri sistemul.<\/li>\n<li>Un montaj improvizat poate scurtcircuita circuitul.<\/li>\n<li>Rezultatul nu te \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 nimic despre starea contactelor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Folose\u0219te voltmetrul, testul pe banc \u0219i, dac\u0103 ai, cle\u0219tele ampermetric.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Unde se afl\u0103 releul de bujii<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Locul difer\u0103 de la o marc\u0103 la alta. Nu exist\u0103 o regul\u0103 unic\u0103. Verific\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna schema ma\u0219inii tale.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cele mai frecvente loca\u021bii:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u00een cutia de siguran\u021be din compartimentul motor;<\/li>\n<li>pe un suport metalic, l\u00e2ng\u0103 baterie sau l\u00e2ng\u0103 calculator;<\/li>\n<li>pe traversa motorului, la unele modele;<\/li>\n<li>\u00een apropierea galeriei de admisie, la sisteme cu calculator dedicat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e2teva repere pentru modelele populare \u00een Rom\u00e2nia:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>Opel cu motoare CDTI:<\/strong> de obicei l\u00e2ng\u0103 calculator sau pe lateralul bateriei.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Renault \u0219i Dacia dCi:<\/strong> adesea pe travers\u0103 sau \u00een zona cutiei de siguran\u021be.<\/li>\n<li><strong>VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat cu TDI:<\/strong> \u00een cutia din compartimentul motor sau sub capacul calculatorului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Pozi\u021bia exact\u0103 variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de genera\u021bie \u0219i de anul de fabrica\u021bie. Ia-o ca punct de plecare, nu ca regul\u0103.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Se poate repara?<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">R\u0103spunsul scurt: nu merit\u0103.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Releele moderne sunt capsulate. Nu le po\u021bi deschide f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 le strici. Calculatoarele de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire au electronic\u0103 sudat\u0103, care nu se repar\u0103 eficient. Contactele arse se pot cur\u0103\u021ba o dat\u0103, dar uzura revine rapid.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Se \u00eenlocuie\u0219te cu o pies\u0103 original\u0103 sau cu una aftermarket de calitate. Pre\u021bul porne\u0219te de obicei de la 80 lei \u0219i poate ajunge la 250 lei, \u00een func\u021bie de model. Calculatoarele de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire pot costa mai mult.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Evit\u0103 piesele foarte ieftine, de provenien\u021b\u0103 neclar\u0103. Contactele lor se uzeaz\u0103 repede. Rezultatul e c\u0103 schimbi aceea\u0219i pies\u0103 dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva luni.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Ce faci dup\u0103 \u00eenlocuire<\/h4>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>Verific\u0103 starea bujiilor. Un releu ars poate fi consecin\u021ba unor bujii cu consum anormal.<\/li>\n<li>Cur\u0103\u021b\u0103 conectorii \u0219i bornele.<\/li>\n<li>\u0218terge codurile din memorie.<\/li>\n<li>F\u0103 un test de pornire la rece, dac\u0103 po\u021bi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dac\u0103 bujiile trag prea mult curent, noul releu se va uza la fel de repede. De aceea m\u0103soar\u0103 \u0219i bujiile, nu doar releul.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Gre\u0219eli frecvente<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Iat\u0103 ce v\u0103d cel mai des la ma\u0219inile aduse la diagnoz\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>Se schimb\u0103 bujiile f\u0103r\u0103 un test prealabil.<\/strong> Releul r\u0103m\u00e2ne defect.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se ignor\u0103 bateria.<\/strong> O baterie slab\u0103 imit\u0103 o pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire defect\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se pune \u00eencredere \u00een absen\u021ba erorilor.<\/strong> Releul uzat nu raporteaz\u0103 mereu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se folosesc piese ieftine.<\/strong> Se defecteaz\u0103 repede.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Se uit\u0103 siguran\u021ba de putere.<\/strong> O siguran\u021b\u0103 oxidat\u0103 cost\u0103 mult timp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">Concluzie personal\u0103<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nu subestima releul de bujii. Rolul lui e simplu, dar f\u0103r\u0103 el motorul rece nu porne\u0219te corect.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dac\u0103 ai un diesel care porne\u0219te greu la rece \u0219i nu ai coduri clare, pune releul pe primul loc \u00een lista de verific\u0103ri. Se testeaz\u0103 u\u0219or, iar \u00eenlocuirea nu e scump\u0103.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Verific\u0103 \u00een ordine: bateria, siguran\u021ba, conexiunile, releul \u0219i abia apoi bujiile. A\u0219a evi\u021bi s\u0103 cumperi piese de care nu ai nevoie.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"5\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente (FAQ)<\/h3>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Poate un releu de bujii defect s\u0103 nu lase niciun cod de eroare?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Da. Un releu uzat, cu contacte care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 intermitent, poate s\u0103 nu declan\u0219eze nicio eroare. Calculatorul detecteaz\u0103 doar anumite tipuri de defecte. Verific\u0103 releul fizic, nu te baza doar pe coduri.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Pot circula cu releul de bujii defect?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Po\u021bi, dar nu e recomandat. Vara, motorul poate porni f\u0103r\u0103 probleme. Iarna, pornirea devine grea \u0219i for\u021bezi demarorul \u0219i bateria. \u00cen plus, combustia incomplet\u0103 la rece uzeaz\u0103 motorul \u0219i polueaz\u0103 mai mult.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">De ce se aprinde martorul de bujii \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2ne aprins?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Calculatorul a detectat o problem\u0103 \u00een sistemul de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire. Poate fi vorba de releu, de o bujie sau de cablaj. Cite\u0219te codurile cu un scanner pentru a afla cauza exact\u0103.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">C\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 de obicei pre\u00eenc\u0103lzirea?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Depinde de temperatura motorului. La temperaturi normale, dureaz\u0103 o secund\u0103 sau dou\u0103. Pe frig puternic poate dura c\u00e2teva secunde. Post\u00eenc\u0103lzirea continu\u0103 \u0219i dup\u0103 pornire, c\u00e2teva zeci de secunde.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Se schimb\u0103 releul odat\u0103 cu bujiile?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Nu e obligatoriu. Dac\u0103 bujiile sunt vechi \u0219i releul a lucrat mult timp, merit\u0103 verificat \u00een acela\u0219i timp. Contactele uzate suprasolicit\u0103 bujiile noi. Dac\u0103 releul trece testele, \u00eel po\u021bi p\u0103stra.<\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"6\">Pot testa singur releul acas\u0103?<\/h4>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Da, dac\u0103 ai un multimetru \u0219i pu\u021bin\u0103 experien\u021b\u0103. Testul pe banc \u0219i m\u0103sur\u0103torile de tensiune se pot face f\u0103r\u0103 aparate speciale. Pentru m\u0103sur\u0103tori pe sisteme cu calculator de pre\u00eenc\u0103lzire e nevoie de un scanner sau de un osciloscop.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Releul de bujii: cum \u00eel recuno\u0219ti c\u00e2nd d\u0103 semne de oboseal\u0103 \u0219i cum \u00eel testezi Ai un diesel care porne\u0219te greu diminea\u021ba? Poate ai schimbat deja bujiile \u0219i nimic nu s-a schimbat. \u00cenainte s\u0103 cumperi alt set, uit\u0103-te la releul de bujii. Am avut \u00een diagnoz\u0103 mai multe cazuri de acest tip. Bujiile erau noi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19623,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1933],"tags":[18475,56094,18474,55529],"class_list":["post-19622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auto","tag-bujii-incandescente","tag-diagnoza-diesel","tag-releu-bujii","tag-thinkscan-689bt"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Releu bujii defect? 5 semne pe care le ignori - DBAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Diesel greu la pornire \u0219i bujiile sunt noi? 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